Rural development is often taken to denote development activities and initiatives that are taken by governments, donors, nongovernmental organizations, and communities with the objective of improving the standard of living in rural areas such as nonurban neighborhoods, countryside. International conference on a development strategy of horn of africa. Agriculture is the mainstay of ethiopian economy involving major source of employment and gross national product. As such, the development of intermediary cities and small urban centres. Rural development approaches and strategies in india, n. Berry professor of geography university of chicago introduction the prosperity of the united states has reached an unprecedented level.
Rural development policy of ethiopia with particular. Addressing rural development is key for ethiopia s growth process. About 16% of the population in ethiopia are living on less than 1 dollar per day 2008. To present the scope and origins of rural development. It has also enjoyed a considerable attention by the government. Ethiopia is placing more emphasis on lowcost strategies to expand access and is emphasizing hygiene education programs as a precursor to. Rural development is the process of improving the quality of life and economic wellbeing of people living in rural areas, often relatively isolated and sparsely populated areas rural development has traditionally centered on the exploitation of landintensive natural resources such as agriculture and forestry. Flagship initiatives and accomplishments within ethiopian agriculture 1. The challenges of agriculture and rural development in. The concept of rural development has changed significantly during. Rural development policy making tools and frameworks in ethiopia amanuel kussia term paper.
Youth livelihood strategies in the bale ecoregion, ethiopia by desalegn amsalu, takele merid and letsa lela summary two boys filling containers with forest honey in the bale ecoregion. Addressing rural development is key for ethiopias growth process. Ethiopias integrated rural development strategy, designed to increase incomes of small farmers, elicit their participation in the development effort, and create possibilities for replicating the efforts on a large scale is evaluated. Feed the future multiyear strategy june 2011 united states agency for international development ethiopia page ix. The approaches to rural development that have been stated in the five year plans have been stated as follows. Likewise, support to agricultural development in ethiopia requires the coordinated management of very many activities. Youth livelihood strategies in the bale ecoregion, ethiopia. Then we discuss the role of agriculture in development, rural development and poverty reduction. This paper critically examines the role of policies and institutions in addressing the developmental challenges of urban centers in ethiopia. Ethiopia agriculture and rural development public expenditure. West and east africa mali, burkina faso, ghana, ethiopia, uganda and kenya. A healthy and dynamic agricultural sector is an important foundation of rural development, generating strong linkages to other economic sectors.
The paper draws on the work of a team, whose background papers are available1. There are various aspects dealing with rural areas and its societies, which have been changing since long by many factors. Read this article to learn about the meaning, objectives and strategies of rural development in india. Only 65% of rural households in ethiopia consume the world health organizations minimum standard of food per day 2,200 kilocalories, with 42% of children under 5 years old being underweight. Agriculture and rural development moard and the leading. However, ethiopia faces critical challenges it will need to overcome to meet the needs of a growing rural population. Integrating rural development strategies into poverty reduction strategies prsps or other economicdevelopment strategies and the empowerment of local rural communities. Case study ethiopias agricultural development policy. Federal democratic republic of ethiopia country strategy paper 20112015 april 2011 task team f. There are seven main reasons the formulation of rural development strategies. The definition of rural development has evolved through time as a result of changes in the perceived mechanisms andor goals of.
This paper lays out an argument on rural development. Daniel van rooijen iwmi ecoregions can positively influence environmental, economic, and social systems if they are properly used and managed. The rural nonfarm economy, livelihood strategies and household welfare. Pankaj kumar lecture 1 introduction globally, poverty still has a rural face. Strategic plan 2011 2014 the mandate of the department is derived from the five priorities of the ruling party, and governments mediumterm strategic framework mtsf. But it requires large amounts of information and the involvement of subcentral entities that pool knowledge regarding untapped resources, emerging needs, and shortterm trends in rural communities. Agricultural development policies of ethiopia since 1957. Agricultural and rural development ard is a fundamental component of ethiopias economic growth and poverty reduction strategy. Rural livelihood strategies and household food security of. The definition of rural development has evolved through time as a result of changes in the perceived mechanisms andor goals of development. Frameworks, strategies, and plans for agricultural development 3. Neduri suryanarayana, professor, dilla university, ethiopia.
The development objective was to sustainably increase rural incomes and national food security. The shift towards growth has a profound effect on rural development strategies. Ethiopias economy and the role of the agriculture sector 2. Rural development policy making tools and frameworks in ethiopia. The evolution of rural development policies in ethiopia rural. Yekatit 11 and rural and agricultural transformation in. The poor lack access to clean water, educational opportunities, health services and support from the government. Rural livelihoods and global change rlgc members of the examining committee. Section 1 to examine state intervention in the rural sector during the 1970s the green revolution, integrated rural development and basic needs and the lessons these provide for rural development policy in the 21st century. The goal of pif was to contribute to ethiopia s achievement of middleincome status by 2025. The report is the result of rigorous analysis, and extensive consultations. Rural development sustainable development knowledge. Get the knowledge you need in order to pass your classes and more.
Practices and history of rural development policies in ethiopia. In peasant associations daily life is a struggle to survive. Strategies, models, and economic theories of development in rural regions by brian j. As such, the development of intermediary cities and small urban centres provides large scope for inclusive rural transformation. Traditional smallscale irrigation development in ethiopia has a hist ory of antiquity. We then discuss contexts in which spatial constraints make a sectoral agricultural development entry point necessary. Past government policies and strategies failed to build up the necessary capacity.
The adoption of agricultural development led industrialization strategy provided longterm. The definition of rural development varies from one point of view to the other. Feed the future multiyear strategy june 2011 united states agency for international development ethiopia page vii executive summary introduction ethiopia is a country of contrasts. Since 1991, ethiopias record of economic growth has been very impressive. Three quarters of the worlds two billion poor live in rural regions, where poverty manifests itself in factors other than simply low incomes. Economic development projectsdeveloping countriescitizen participationcase studies. The new rural development strategy addresses a rural situation which is different from the past, and a rural population which confronts many new problems, especially the challenges and opportunities facing the poor with regard to globalization. Next, we explore the link between poverty and rurality. The national government has adopted policies to reduce the severity of cyclical. Some regions produce food surpluses each year, while others face chronic food insecurity. It highlights the need to develop stronger and more functional linkages between rural and urban areas. Strategies to deal with rural development should take into consideration the remoteness and potentials in rural areas and provide targeted differentiated approaches. Strategic plan 20112014 minister of rural development. This report takes a spatial approach to study ethiopias rural development strategies.
Ethiopias agriculture sector policy and investment. The meaning of rural development has been the subject of much debate and little agreement. The intention is to set the current debate about rural development in context, and then examine emerging issues. By african, standard rural development programme has long history in ethiopia.
Pif preparation was guided by existing policies and strategies of the government of ethiopia. Targeting of development programs and allocation of and eligibility of funds from the programs and depends on how rural areas are classified. Recognizing the central role of agriculture in the economic. Sululta district rural and agricultural development office. A series of governmentled structural reforms have contributed to sustained growth in the country over the last two decades as well as to considerable poverty reduction in rural areas. Effective formulation and implementation rural development policies and strategies in an integrated and. Yekatit 11 and rural and agricultural transformation in ethiopia february 22, 2015 by aseffa abreha introduction. Ethiopia needs to develop and implement bottom up demand based, top down incentive oriented, target specific, research based and pro. Describe the background in which rural development as a subject has gained importance. Iv development and poverty reduction challenges 33 v overview of ethiopias development goals, policies, strategies, and targets 36 5. However, changes in global production networks and increased urbanization have. Ethiopias agricultural development policy challenges 1. Although policy makers and the development community have widely used the phrase rural development, what constitutes rural development seems to have changed significantly overtimes. With this in mind, the following section will attempt to provide greater insight into our policies and strategies for rural and agricultural development in ethiopia.
Evaluation of rural development policy and strategy in ethiopia. Subsistence agriculture in ethiopia case study 3274. Core components usaid ethiopia s strategy focuses on three core components. The next step in ethiopias wss sector development focuses on local wss service provider capacity building so that sustainable service expands to semiurban and rural populations. In may 2009 we embarked on a journey that was to pave the path for rural development and land reform in south africa. Graduate school of development studies a research paper presented by. Read this essay on rural development policy of ethiopia with particular emphasis on. Rural development has a wider view of rural society and its change. Rural development is at the centre of ethiopias national development agenda. To achieve these, pif established four strategic objectives sos 1 to 4 respectively.
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